What is meant by antigenic shift?
Another type of change is called “antigenic shift.” Shift is an abrupt, major change in a flu A virus, resulting in new HA and/or new HA and NA proteins in flu viruses that infect humans. Antigenic shift can result in a new flu A subtype.
What is antigenic shift with example?
An example of a pandemic resulting from antigenic shift was the 1918-19 outbreak of Spanish Influenza. This strain was originally the H1N1 avian flu, however antigenic shift allowed the viral infection to jump from pigs to humans, resulting in a large pandemic which killed over 40 million people.
What is antigenic shift vs drift?
Antigenic drift involves the accumulation of a series of minor genetic mutations. Antigenic shift involves “mixing” of genes from influenza viruses from different species.
What is antigenic shift how or when does it occur?
Antigenic shift occurs when a nonhuman influenza virus directly infects human hosts or when a new virus is generated by genetic reassortment between nonhuman and human influenza viruses.
What is the process of antigenic shift?
Antigenic shift is the process by which two or more different strains of a virus, or strains of two or more different viruses, combine to form a new subtype having a mixture of the surface antigens of the two or more original strains.
Why does antigenic shift occur?
Antigenic shift occurs when a nonhuman influenza virus directly infects human hosts or when a new virus is generated by genetic reassortment between nonhuman and human influenza viruses. The segmented genome of influenza viruses facilitates reassortment events.
How does antigenic shift work?
What happens during antigenic shift?
What is the meaning of antigenic?
: any substance (such as an immunogen or a hapten) foreign to the body that evokes an immune response either alone or after forming a complex with a larger molecule (such as a protein) and that is capable of binding with a product (such as an antibody or T cell) of the immune response.
What kind of mutation is antigenic shift?
Antigenic shift is a more major change in the influenza virus. This shift typically occurs when a human flu virus crosses with a flu virus that usually affects animals (such as birds or pigs). When the viruses mutate, they shift to create a new subtype that is different from any seen in humans before.
What is antigenic structure?
“Antigens” are molecular structures on the surface of viruses that are recognized by the immune system and are capable of triggering one kind of immune response known as antibody production.
What do you mean by serotype?
Serotypes are groups within a single species of microorganisms, such as bacteria or viruses, which share distinctive surface structures.
What is difference between antigen drift and antigenic shift?
Difference Between Antigenic Drift and Antigenic Shift Definition. Antigenic drift refers to a mechanism for variation by viruses, which involves the accumulation of mutations within the antigen-binding sites while antigenic shift refers to a sudden shift in Mechanism. Degree of Antigenic Change. Result in. Frequency of Occurrence. Host variation. Treatment. Occurrence. Give Rise to. Conclusion.
What does antigenic drift mean?
Antigenic drift. Jump to navigation Jump to search. Antigenic drift is a mechanism for variation in viruses that involves the accumulation of mutations within the genes that code for antibody-binding sites.
What contributes to antigenic shift in influenza viruses?
Antigenic shift is a more major change in the influenza virus. This shift occurs typically when a human flu virus crosses with a flu virus that usually affects animals (such as birds or pigs). When the viruses mutate, they shift to create a new subtype that is different from any seen in humans before.