How is Marxism used in literary criticism?
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What was the basic principle of Marxist theory class 9?
Here are the basic principles of Marxism: ? Opposition to an economic system based on inequality and on the alienation and exploitation of the majority (by means of the system of wage labor), a system whose purpose is to obtain profits for some people rather than satisfying the needs of all.
What is Marxist view on education?
According to Traditional Marxists, school teaches children to passively obey authority and it reproduces and legitimates class inequality. Traditional Marxists see the education system as working in the interests of ruling class elites.
What is the Marxist view of religion?
19th-century German philosopher Karl Marx, the founder and primary theorist of Marxism, viewed religion as “the soul of soulless conditions” or the “opium of the people”. At the same time, Marx saw religion as a form of protest by the working classes against their poor economic conditions and their alienation.
What is the Marxist view of the family?
Marxists argue that the nuclear family performs ideological functions for Capitalism – the family acts as a unit of consumption and teaches passive acceptance of hierarchy. It is also the institution through which the wealthy pass down their private property to their children, thus reproducing class inequality.
Are Bowles and Gintis Marxists?
It is important to remember that Bowles & Gintis were Marxists; they were critics of capitalism. However, Willis (in Learning to Labour) suggests that poor behaviour at school still benefits the capitalist system.
What is the hidden curriculum?
Hidden curriculum refers to the unwritten, unofficial, and often unintended lessons, values, and perspectives that students learn in school. The hidden curriculum is described as “hidden” because it is usually unacknowledged or unexamined by students, educators, and the wider community.
How does school mirror work in a capitalist society?
One way schools may mirror work in capitalist society is through a hierarchal structure. In schools, there is a head teacher at the top followed by teachers and then students at the bottom of the hierarchy. This is similar to work in which there is a boss, supervisor and regular workers low down on the hierarchy.
How does the education system support capitalism?
Social institutions such as the education system reproduce class inequalities and play an ideological role by persuading exploited workers that inequality is justified and acceptable. Despite the inequalities in the system, capitalists are able to hold on to power because they control the state.
How do Marxists argue that education supports capitalism?
Although Marxist sociologists essentially agree with functionalists that the education system teaches people norms and values and sifts and sorts them into their future roles, they argue that the education system does not work in everyone’s interests but instead supports capitalism and the interests of the ruling class …
What do Functionalists believe about education?
Functionalists believe that education provides unity and togetherness and has a positive impact on society. They also believe that education prepares people for the work environment in later life and teaches important skills.
How do Marxists see school as being similar to the world of work?
Marxists –> prepares children for exploitation by capitalism. Functionalists –> prepares students to succeed in the workplace by teaching them skills and values needed to contribute to society. Schools mirror workplace in capitalist economy. E.g. schools hierarchal teachers superior.
What is the feminist perspective on education?
Feminist theory aims to understand the mechanisms and roots of gender inequality in education, as well as their societal repercussions. Like many other institutions of society, educational systems are characterized by unequal treatment and opportunity for women.
What research method did Bowles and Gintis use?
The correspondence theory is the idea that the norms and values pupils learn in school correspond to the norms and values which will make it easy for future capitalist employers to exploit them at work. Bowles and Gintis say that ‘work casts a long shadow over school’.