What is longitudinal leveling?
Longitudinal or profile levelling The operation of taking levels along the centre line of any alignment (road, railway, etc.) at regular intervals is known as longitudinal levelling. This operation is undertaken in order to determine the undulations of the ground surface along the profile line.
What is cross-section levelling?
Cross sectioning levelling is another method in profile levelling. The term cross-section generally refers to a relatively short profile view of the ground, which is drawn perpendicular to the route centerline of a highway or other types of linear projects.
What is the difference between profile levelling and cross sectioning?
Answer: What is Profile levelling? There is really no difference in procedure between profile and cross-section leveling except for the form of the field notes. Cross-section rod shots are usually taken during the route profile survey from the same instrument positions used to take rod shots along the centerline.
What is longitudinal sectioning in surveying?
Profile levelling is the process of levelling along a fixed line to determine the elevations of the ground surface along the line. Profile levelling is also known as longitudinal sectioning. Use of profile levelling: The ground profile shows the elevations of the ground along the section.
What is s cross section?
A cross section is the shape we get when cutting straight through an object. The cross section of this object is a triangle. It is like a view into the inside of something made by cutting through it.
What is the purpose of cross section in surveying?
Cross-sectional surveys provide a snapshot of a population’s characteristics and what is happening at any one moment in time. They can be population-based by carrying out household surveys through random sampling or they can be conducted with health services and schools.
What is the difference between cross sectioning and longitudinal sectioning?
In a cross-sectional study you collect data from a population at a specific point in time; in a longitudinal study you repeatedly collect data from the same sample over an extended period of time.
What is cross section in surveying?
A cross section is a profile view of a surface at right angles to a particular route. e.g. at right angles to a road, river of railway. It plots elevation against the distance along the cross section line. Cross section measurements are normally taken at a regular intervals along the route.
What is the difference between cross section and transverse section?
The transverse section is done in a perpendicular alignment whereas the cross section is done not in the preferred direction. The transverse section is done by slicing the object by using the imaging technique whereas cross section is done by cutting the object in slices which makes the objects in the parallel.
How is cross sectioning used in profile levelling?
Cross sectioning levelling is another method in profile levelling. The term cross-section generally refers to a relatively short profile view of the ground, which is drawn perpendicular to the route centerline of a highway or other types of linear projects. Cross-sectional drawings are particularly important for estimating
Why are longitudinal studies better than cross sectional studies?
The longitudinal study design would account for cholesterol levels at the onset of a walking regime and as the walking behaviour continued over time. Therefore, a longitudinal study is more likely to suggest cause-and-effect relationships than a cross-sectional study by virtue of its scope.
What is the definition of a cross sectional study?
What is Cross-Sectional Study? Cross-sectional studyis defined as an observational study where data is collected as a whole to study a population at a single point in time to examine the relationship between variables of interest.
How is profile levelling used in distance measurement?
What is Profile levelling? Profile leveling is one of the most common applications of running levels and vertical distance measurement for the surveyor. The results are plotted in the form of a profile, which is a drawing that shows a vertical cross section.