What is a hydrocarbon solvent?
Hydrocarbon solvents are petroleum derivatives used for cleaning and or dissolving substances, and are used in a variety of industrial and consumer products. Hydrocarbon solvents are a diverse group of liquid complex mixtures. They may contain paraffinic, isoparaffinic, naphthenic and aromatic constituents.
What is a petroleum solvent?
Petroleum solvents are made up of liquid hydrocarbon derived from petroleum and petroleum by-products, used either for various commercial products or in laboratories for research purposes. They are used industrially because of their effectiveness, low cost and ready availability.
What is bitumen froth?
Bitumen froth treatment is the “removal of inorganics (mineral particles and water droplets) from a bitumen organic solvent solution.” The solvent to bitumen ratio (S/B) changes the dynamics of the water-in-diluted bitumen—dilbit—emulsions.
What are hydrocarbon solvents examples?
Common examples of hydrocarbon solvents are benzene, petroleum ether, and turpentine. Some hydrocarbon solvents — particularly benzene — are infamous for emitting hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) that cause poor health due to chronic or acute exposure.
What are the specifications for petroleum solvents?
Description: Clear, colourless hydrocarbon solvent.
What is petroleum solvent for dry cleaning?
Petroleum solvents, such as Stoddard or 140-F, are inexpensive combustible hydrocarbon mixtures similar to kerosene. Synthetic solvents are nonflammable but more expensive halogenated hydrocarbons. Perchloroethylene and trichlorotrifluoroethane are the 2 synthetic dry cleaning solvents presently in use.
What is a paraffinic solvent?
Solvents containing primarily paraffin hydrocarbons are called paraffinic. Solvents containing primarily naphthene hydrocarbons are called naphthenic. A PFT process uses a much lighter diluent (typically referred to as solvent), which facilitates the precipitation of asphaltenes.
What is bitumen extraction?
Extraction involves the separation of bitumen from sand using water-based gravity separation. The bitumen attaches to free air bubbles and rises to the top of the vessel, forming an intermediate froth product. The heavy sand sinks to the bottom and is pumped out to the tailings plant.
What are the different types of solutes?
Solute Examples
| Solute | Solution | Type of Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Salt | Seawater | Solid dissolved in liquid |
| Sugar, dissolved carbon dioxide | Soda | Solid and gas dissolved in liquid |
| Oxygen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, argon | Air | Gas dissolved in gas |
| Chromium | Stainless Steel | Solid dissolved in solid |
What are 3 types of solvents?
Three Types of Solvents: Oxygenated, Hydrocarbon, and Halogenated.
What are the 10 examples of solvent?
Solvent Examples
- Water.
- Ethanol.
- Methanol.
- Acetone.
- Tetrachloroethylene.
- Toluene.
- Methyl acetate.
- Ethyl acetate.
Which is a better solvent naphthenic or paraffinic?
Solvents containing primarily naphthene hydrocarbons are called naphthenic . The choice between a naphthenic or paraffinic solvent depends on the desired product quality. Solvents that contain more paraffins produce a better quality product than solvents that contain more naphthenes.
What kind of solvent is used in Froth treatment?
Solvents containing primarily paraffin hydrocarbons are called paraffinic. Solvents containing primarily naphthene hydrocarbons are called naphthenic . The choice between a naphthenic or paraffinic solvent used in Froth Treatment depends on the desired product quality.
What should the boiling point of paraffinic solvent be?
As a general rule, a good quality paraffinic solvent should contain no more than 3% olefins, aromatics and naphthenes, which are considered impurities. Paraffinic solvents typically range in density from 625 to 670 kg/m 3 and have a relatively low boiling point, anywhere from 25 to 40°C.
What’s the difference between PFT and naphthenic Froth treatment?
The main difference between Naphthenic and Paraffinic Froth Treatment is the type of hydrocarbon used to dilute the bitumen froth. A PFT process uses a much lighter diluent (typically referred to as solvent ), which facilitates the precipitation of asphaltenes.